Patricia Flowers: List of Publications

Peer-Reviewed Articles (Selected):

Flowers, P. J. (1998).
Music vocabulary of first grade children: Words listed for instruction and their actual use. Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 5-15.

Flowers, P. J., Wapnick, J., & Ramsey, L. (1997).
Structured and unstructured musical contexts and children's ability to demonstrate tempo and dynamic contrasts. Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 341-355.

Duke, R. A., Flowers, P. J., & Wolfe, D. E. (1997).
Children Who Study Piano With Excellent Teachers in the United States. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, Vol. 132, pp. 51-84.

Howell, R. D., Flowers, P. J., & Wheaton, J. E. (1995).
The effects of keyboard experiences on rhythmic responses of elementary school children with physical disabilities. Journal of Music Therapy, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 91-112.

Wapnick, J., Flowers, P. J., Alegant, M., & Jasinskas, L. (1993).
Consistency in piano performance evaluation. Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 282-292.

Jellison, J. A., & Flowers, P. J. (1991).
Talking about music: Interviews with disabled and nondisabled children. Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 39, pp. 322-333.

Flowers, P. J., & Costa-Giomi, E. (1991).
Verbal and nonverbal identification of pitch changes in a familiar song by English and Spanish speaking preschool children. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, Vol. 107, pp. 1-12.

Flowers, P. J., & Dunne-Sousa, D. (1990).
Pitch pattern accuracy, tonality, and vocal range in preschool children's singing. Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 38, pp. 102-114.

Flowers, P. J. (1988).
The effects of teaching and learning experiences, tempo, and mode on undergraduates' and children's symphonic music preferences. Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 36, pp. 19-34.

Flowers, P. J. (1987).
The effects of written descriptions on memory of fifth graders and undergraduates for orchestral excerpts. In C. K. Madsen & C. A. Prickett (Eds.), Applications of Research in Music Behavior. Tuscaloosa, AL: The University of Alabama Press; pp. 32-42.

Flowers, P. J. (1984).
Attention to elements of music and effect of instruction in vocabulary on written descriptions of music by children and undergraduates. Psychology of Music, Vol. 12, pp. 17-24.

Flowers, P. J. (1983).
The effect of instruction in vocabulary and listening on nonmusicians' descriptions of changes in music. Journal of Research in Music Education, Vol. 31, pp. 179-189.

Recent Research (unpublished or under review):

Flowers, P. J. & Wang, C. (1998, November).
Matching verbal description to music excerpt: The use of language by blind and sighted children. Presented at the annual meeting of the American Music Therapy Association, Cleveland, OH.

Flowers, P. J. (1998, April).
Writing about music using metaphor, musical elements, and temporal language: The match between excerpts and written descriptions by fifth and sixth graders. Presented at the the biennial meeting of the Music Educators National Conference, Phoenix, AZ.

Flowers, P. J. (1996, August).
Uniqueness and redundancy in written descriptions of music excerpts by children and undergraduates. Presented at the 4th International Conference on Music Perception and Cognition, Montreal, Canada,